The only other non-constant we have right now is our own levels. I know monster level has no bearing on the modifier (Lv130 mob with X defense takes exactly as much damage as Lv160 mob with X defense).
Other than that I’d have no idea.
I’ve noticed that the log returns Min{1, log10(10)) not when it’s ^1, but near ^0.9 instead. Even the places were it reaches that mobs damage cap are 0.897… so far.

